Questions and Answers # 1 evolutionism 
But if there is any evidence that
species have been produced in this way,
this is a completely independent
from all claims, prior to,
and which should be answered in one way or another,
after examining the realm of nature.
CHARLES DARWIN, L'origine delle specie (abbozzo del 1842)
1 Come si può escludere che dietro il processo evolutivo ci sia un "progetto"?
Non si può escludere, in effetti, come accade per tutte le affermazioni di natura metafisica, ma l'idea di un progetto di cui non si conoscono i caratteri essenziali, messo in atta non si sa da chi, e con quali mezzi, non è di alcuna utilità.
Assumerne l'esistenza non aggiunge assolutamente niente alle nostre conoscenze.
2 Come si spiega l'esistenza dei cosidetti anelli mancanti?
Nel passaggio da un tipo di essere vivente a un altro, soprattutto se abbastanza diversi tra di loro, dovrebbe essere sempre possibile individuare il cosiddetto anello di congiunzione, vale a dire un tipo di individuo che possiede alcune caratteristiche della prima categoria e alcune della seconda categoria. Come mai invece questo non avviene e si parla di anelli mancanti?
A un quesito del genere possiamo oggi rispondere in tre modi.
Una prima risposta, la più semplice, riguarda il fatto che in realtà, negli ultimi cento anni, sono stati scoperti molti di quelli che prima erano considerati anelli mancanti. Ovviamente ciò non si è verificato per tutti i casi, ma considerato l'elevato numero di successi - il primo anfibio, il primo rettile, il primo "uccello" - possiamo a questo punto speak only of the absence of some missing links.
A second answer is that we can provide an individual who meets the requirements of the missing link is a hybrid does not therefore fully the characteristics of the species nor those of the previous year. E 'reasonable to think that in this transition it represents a weak point and I respect him more then natural selection favors the first species or as soon as possible, the new one. With the passing of generations and millions of years, the so-called missing links have therefore left no trace and it is plausible that today we do not find any evidence of some specimens, although in reality many others have found the remains fossils.
The third response is more sophisticated and is linked to everything we have said about the mechanisms of natural selection and gene activity. In particular, refers to the fact that in some cases, the missing link may simply never lived, but only be the fruit of our imagination. The existence of master genes, in fact, and the consequent possibility of sudden major changes mean that in certain circumstances can not be experienced any intermediary body.
3 and Darwin's theory seems to explain well the so-called neo-Darwinian microevolution but not macroevolution, what happened?
The microevolution is the set of changes occurring within the same species and which may lead, after a certain period of time, the birth of one or more populations with different characteristics and then one or more new species. During the volume we have reported numerous examples of this phenomenon, such as imagery tied to herbivores of different sizes present in the same environment. In many cases, such events can be described mathematically in terms of population genetics, a tool created in the twenties and thirties of the twentieth century and it is one of the solid pillars of neo-Darwinian explanation.
to macroevolution, a term rarely used in reality in science and instead appears more frequently in publications of popular, you will not pass from one species to another, but by an order or to some other woman from one class to another. Sometimes the term is also used to indicate changes megaevoluzione even larger ones, such as those related to a type animal or plant division. Detractors of the theory of evolution often say that it is unable to explain these phenomena, but only microevolution.
This is a critical biased and somewhat 'out of date.
We have been able to detect as the modern neo-Darwinism is unable to provide an explanation or even a representation of more radical change.
There is no doubt that it is more difficult to explain evolutionary phenomena of broad scope, even if only for the fact that it is of historical processes that have occurred in a very remote time, tens or hundreds of millions of years ago.
knowledge thanks to which we are now able to describe the macro or megaevoluzione have been acquired recently - only about thirty years - and is derived from the discovery of master genes and gene hierarchies, whereby it was possible to understand that, at least in theory, you can create large or very large changes in a species - loss or acquisition of wings, increase or decrease in the number of legs, transition from water to land and so on.
(from the book "Why we can not tell us Darwinists "by Edoardo Boncinelli)
